This report summarizes UNAIDS’ assistance to countries in 2004 and 2005. Drawn from the reports of UNAIDS’ Country Coordinators from over 75 countries. The report covers the following 5 areas: Basic information on UNAIDS and how it operates, especially at country-level; how UNAIDS is contributing to implementation of the “Three Ones” principles; the many ways in which UNAIDS has assisted countries in strengthening their responses to AIDS; how UNAIDS is working to enhance the United Nations system’s capacity to assist countries in responding to AIDS and how UNAIDS plans to meet key challenges for the future.